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Total personnel and researchers involved in research and development activities (R&D): full-time equivalent per thousand active persons - Europe

Indicator

EU28

2015

Pro11.7

‰

Portugal

2015

Pro9.3

‰

EU28

1986

(no values)

Portugal

1986

2.3

‰

Sources/Entities: Eurostat | OECD | National Entities, Eurostat | NSI, PORDATA

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Proportion - ‰

Groups/Countries	Total personnel in R&D per thousand active persons		Researchers in R&D per thousand of the active population
Years	1986	2015	1986	2015
European Union (28 countries)	x	Pro11.7	x	Pro7.5
Austria	x	Pro15.8	x	Pro9.6
Belgium	9.1	Pro15.7	4.0	Pro11.1
Bulgaria	x	Pro6.7	x	Pro4.3
Croatia	x	5.6	x	3.4
Cyprus	x	Pro3.0	x	Pro2.0
Czech Republic	x	Pro12.5	x	Pro7.2
Denmark	7.4	s20.5	3.3	s14.3
Estonia	x	Pro8.0	x	Pro6.1
Finland	x	18.7	x	14.0
France	11.4	-	4.4	-
Germany	-	Pro14.6	-	Pro8.5
Greece	-	Pro10.5	-	Pro7.3
Hungary	-	8.2	-	5.6
Ireland	4.2	Pro13.6	2.3	Pro9.9
Italy	5.3	Pro9.7	2.9	Pro4.7
Latvia	x	Pro5.6	x	Pro3.6
Lithuania	x	Pro7.2	x	Pro5.5
Luxembourg	-	┴Pro20.3	-	┴Pro10.4
Malta	x	Pro7.1	x	Pro4.2
Netherlands	-	Pro14.4	x	Pro8.6
Poland	x	7.1	x	5.6
Portugal	2.3	Pro9.3	1.2	Pro7.6
Romania	x	3.4	x	1.9
Slovakia	x	6.4	x	5.3
Slovenia	x	Pro14.1	x	Pro7.8
Spain	s3.3	8.8	s1.8	5.3
Sweden	x	Pro16.2	x	Pro13.1
United Kingdom	10.6	Pro12.6	4.9	Pro8.8
Iceland	x	15.4	x	10.2
Norway	x	Pro15.5	x	Pro11.2
Switzerland	┴-	-	x	-

Sources/Entities: Eurostat | OECD | National Entities, Eurostat | NSI, PORDATA
Last updated: 2017-04-27

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