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Expenditure in research and development activities (R&D) of enterprises sector as a % of GDP in Europe
Expenditure in research and development activities (R&D): total and by sector of performance (PPS) in Europe
Expenditure in research and development activities (R&D): total and of enterprises sector (PPS)
Year
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
1989
1988
1987
1986
1985
1984
1983
Indicator
Total Performance sectors
Business enterprise sector
Government sector
Higher education sector
Private non-profit sector
EU27 (2020)
2018
285,391.5
PPS - Millions
Portugal
2018
3,319.0
PPS - Millions
EU27 (2020)
1982
(no values)
Portugal
1982
(no values)
Operations
Options
View Ranking Chart
Sources/Entities: Eurostat | OECD | National Entities, PORDATA
Click here to see the graphic in detail
PPS - Millions
see full table
Groups/Countries
Performance sectors
Total
Business enterprise sector
Government sector
Higher education sector
Private non-profit sector
Years
1982
2018
1982
2018
1982
2018
1982
2018
1982
2018
European Union 27 (since 2020)
-
285,391.5
-
188,558.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
Austria
-
Pro
11,069.3
-
Pro
7,734.4
-
-
-
-
-
-
Belgium
-
Pro
11,451.2
-
Pro
8,077.2
-
-
-
-
-
-
Bulgaria
-
834.5
-
600.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
Croatia
-
Pro
774.8
-
Pro
372.1
-
-
-
-
-
-
Cyprus
-
Pro
131.7
-
Pro
48.6
-
-
-
-
-
-
Czech Republic
-
Pro
5,746.4
-
Pro
3,559.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
Denmark
-
Pro
6,971.9
-
Pro
4,480.7
-
-
-
-
-
-
Estonia
-
Pro
468.1
-
Pro
198.2
-
-
-
-
-
-
Finland
-
5,203.6
-
3,416.5
-
-
-
-
-
-
France
-
s
47,459.3
-
s
31,041.3
-
-
-
-
-
-
Germany
-
s
98,133.5
-
67,491.3
-
-
-
-
-
-
Greece
-
Pro
2,659.8
-
Pro
1,283.6
-
-
-
-
-
-
Hungary
-
3,282.4
-
2,481.5
-
-
-
-
-
-
Ireland
-
3,269.8
-
2,443.7
-
-
-
-
-
-
Italy
-
Pro
24,968.7
-
Pro
15,494.6
-
-
-
-
-
-
Latvia
-
262.4
-
65.3
-
-
-
-
-
-
Lithuania
-
Pro
655.6
-
Pro
274.2
-
-
-
-
-
-
Luxembourg
-
Pro
596.3
-
Pro
332.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
Malta
-
Pro
84.0
-
Pro
51.2
-
-
-
-
-
-
Netherlands
-
Pro
14,883.3
-
Pro
9,979.6
-
-
-
-
-
-
Poland
-
10,139.5
-
6,701.3
-
-
-
-
-
-
Portugal
-
3,319.0
-
1,707.5
-
-
-
-
-
-
Romania
-
1,981.4
-
1,175.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
Slovakia
-
1,031.1
-
557.6
-
-
-
-
-
-
Slovenia
-
Pro
1,086.8
-
Pro
806.4
-
-
-
-
-
-
Spain
-
16,332.6
-
9,228.5
-
-
-
-
-
-
Sweden
-
12,594.3
-
8,935.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
United Kingdom
-
Pro
36,847.3
-
Pro
25,472.8
-
-
-
-
-
-
Iceland
-
288.3
-
185.5
-
-
-
-
-
-
Norway
-
5,135.4
-
2,645.6
-
-
-
-
-
-
Switzerland
-
x
-
x
-
-
-
-
-
-
Sources/Entities: Eurostat | OECD | National Entities, PORDATA
Last updated: 2020-03-27
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Related
Expenditure in research and development activities (R&D) of enterprises sector as a % of GDP in Europe
Expenditure in research and development activities (R&D): total and by sector of performance (PPS) in Europe
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