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PhDs (ISCED 8) per 100 thousand inhabitants aged 25 and over in Europe

Females in total of personnel and researchers (FTE) involved in research and development activities (R&D) (%) in Europe

Females in total of PhDs (ISCED 8) (%)

Year

Indicator

EU28

2017

(no values)

Portugal

2017

54.7

EU28

2004

s43.4

Portugal

2004

48.2

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Proportion - %

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Groups/Countries	PhDs - females as a % of total
Years	2004	2017
European Union (28 countries)	s43.4	x
Austria	40.5	45.3
Belgium	33.9	44.0
Bulgaria	50.8	53.4
Croatia	42.0	55.4
Cyprus	61.5	50.0
Czech Republic	35.6	40.5
Denmark	35.9	48.4
Estonia	62.2	57.7
Finland	45.5	53.0
France	x	45.2
Germany	39.0	44.8
Greece	38.1	44.9
Hungary	42.9	46.8
Ireland	45.7	51.3
Italy	51.5	51.4
Latvia	58.3	61.6
Lithuania	57.5	57.8
Luxembourg	x	46.7
Malta	x	51.9
Netherlands	39.4	47.9
Poland	46.9	55.3
Portugal	48.2	54.7
Romania	49.3	54.4
Slovakia	45.0	49.4
Slovenia	40.6	47.9
Spain	47.5	50.4
Sweden	44.8	45.2
United Kingdom	43.1	46.9
Iceland	50.0	x
Norway	39.8	49.6
Switzerland	38.2	44.8

Sources/Entities: Eurostat | UNESCO-UIS | OECD | National Entities, PORDATA
Last updated: 2019-05-10

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PhDs (ISCED 8) per 100 thousand inhabitants aged 25 and over in Europe

Females in total of personnel and researchers (FTE) involved in research and development activities (R&D) (%) in Europe