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Females in total of personnel and researchers (FTE) involved in research and development activities (R&D) (%) in Europe
Female graduates in higher education (ISCED 5-8): total and by field of education in Europe
R&D personnel and researchers (FTE) involved in research and development activities (R&D): total and females
Year
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
Indicator
Total R&D total personnel
Females
Total R&D researchers
Females
EU27 (2020)
2018
Pro
2,795,454
Full-time Equival...
Portugal
2018
Pro
57,150
Full-time Equival...
EU27 (2020)
2000
(no values)
Portugal
2000
s
21,888
Full-time Equival...
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Sources/Entities: Eurostat | OECD | National Entities, PORDATA
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Full-time Equivalent (FTE)
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Groups/Countries
R&D total personnel
R&D researchers
Total
Females
Total
Females
Years
2000
2018
2000
2018
2000
2018
2000
2018
European Union 27 (since 2020)
x
Pro
2,795,454
x
-
x
Pro
1,772,714
x
-
Austria
x
Pro
81,534
x
-
x
Pro
50,975
x
-
Belgium
53,391
Pro
88,749
14,692
-
30,540
Pro
57,678
7,786
-
Bulgaria
15,259
Pro
25,717
8,106
-
9,479
Pro
16,499
4,354
-
Croatia
x
Pro
13,029
x
-
x
Pro
7,985
x
-
Cyprus
680
Pro
1,610
247
-
303
Pro
1,100
91
-
Czech Republic
24,198
Pro
74,969
8,036
-
13,852
Pro
41,198
3,551
-
Denmark
37,693
Pro
64,591
x
-
x
Pro
46,396
x
-
Estonia
3,710
Pro
6,183
1,815
-
2,666
Pro
4,968
1,109
-
Finland
52,604
50,011
x
-
x
37,891
x
-
France
327,466
s
451,423
x
-
172,070
s
306,451
x
-
Germany
484,734
s
706,557
x
-
257,874
s
433,234
x
-
Greece
x
Pro
51,092
x
-
x
Pro
36,646
x
-
Hungary
23,534
45,566
x
-
14,406
31,430
x
-
Ireland
12,762
35,817
x
-
8,516
25,265
x
-
Italy
150,066
Pro
311,734
x
-
66,110
Pro
139,853
x
-
Latvia
5,449
Pro
6,039
2,803
-
3,814
Pro
3,689
1,880
-
Lithuania
11,791
Pro
11,661
5,772
-
7,777
Pro
8,773
3,388
-
Luxembourg
3,663
Pro
5,624
x
-
1,646
Pro
2,986
x
-
Malta
x
1,408
10
-
x
851
x
-
Netherlands
91,313
Pro
157,389
x
-
42,194
Pro
95,611
x
-
Poland
78,925
Pro
161,993
54,326
-
55,174
Pro
117,789
33,572
-
Portugal
s
21,888
Pro
57,150
x
-
s
16,738
Pro
46,538
s
7,437
-
Romania
33,892
31,933
15,808
-
20,476
17,213
8,785
-
Slovakia
15,221
20,268
6,823
-
9,955
16,337
3,867
-
Slovenia
8,568
Pro
15,698
3,368
-
4,336
Pro
10,087
1,525
-
Spain
120,618
225,696
x
-
76,670
140,120
x
-
Sweden
x
92,011
x
-
x
75,151
x
-
United Kingdom
s
288,599
Pro
469,647
x
-
s
170,554
Pro
309,074
x
-
Iceland
s
2,646
3,172
x
-
x
2,050
x
-
Sources/Entities: Eurostat | OECD | National Entities, PORDATA
Last updated: 2020-03-27
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Females in total of personnel and researchers (FTE) involved in research and development activities (R&D) (%) in Europe
Female graduates in higher education (ISCED 5-8): total and by field of education in Europe
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