| 1,388,115 | | 429,481,944 | 1,327,439 | | 440,247,483 | 1,326,898 | | Pro446,883,180 |
| 0.3 | | 100.0 | 0.3 | | 100.0 | Pro0.3 | | Pro100.0 |
| - | | - | 15.7 | | - | 15.0 | | - |
Ageing indexnumber of elderly people (aged 65 and over) per 100 young people (aged 0 to 14) | 89.1 | | 95.6 | 113.9 | | 116.0 | 121.1 | | Pro134.7 |
| 38.2 | | 38.4 | 40.4 | | 41.6 | 42.1 | | Pro43.7 |
Young people (%)individuals aged 0 to 14 | 17.2 | | 16.7 | 15.4 | | 15.4 | 16.4 | | Pro15.1 |
Elderly people (%)individuals aged 65 and over | 15 | | 16 | 18 | | 18 | 20 | | Pro20 |
Working age people per elderly personindividuals aged 15 to 64 per each individual aged 65 and over | 4.4 | | 4.2 | 3.8 | | 3.7 | 3.2 | | Pro3.2 |
Total fertility rateaverage number of children per woman of childbearing age | 1.32 | | 1.43 | 1.61 | | 1.54 | 1.66 | | Pro1.53 |
| 27.1 | | 29.0 | 29.5 | | 30.2 | 30.6 | | Pro30.9 |
| 56.2 | | 26.8 | 59.7 | | 37.8 | 53.7 | | - |
Infant mortality rate (‰)number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1000 live births | 8.8 | | 5.8 | 2.5 | | 3.8 | 1.6 | | 3.4 |
| 70.9 | | - | 76.6 | | 80.1 | 79.0 | | Pro81.3 |
| - | | - | 578.8 | | 184,224.5 | 641.7 | | 195,593.0 |
| - | | - | 2.3 | | 2.4 | 2.0 | | 2.3 |
| - | | - | 33.0 | | 31.8 | 41.9 | | 34.5 |
| 13.5 | | - | 10.9 | | 27.0 | 11.0 | | 21.6 |
| 28.5 | | - | 40.2 | | 33.4 | 44.0 | | 40.3 |
| 14.7 | | - | 10.6 | | 13.2 | 11.2 | | 10.2 |
| 359 | | - | 304 | | - | 288 | | Pro258 |
| 660 | | - | 536 | | 568 | 453 | | Pro532 |
Employment rate (%)number of employed aged 20 to 64 per 100 individuals of same age group | 67.4 | | 65.8 | 71.0 | | 67.1 | 80.5 | | 72.7 |
| 92.0 | | - | 89.2 | | 81.7 | 87.3 | | 80.8 |
| 11.0 | | - | 16.0 | | 30.3 | 17.7 | | 30.6 |
| 6.8 | | - | 8.5 | | 15.4 | 10.7 | | 14.2 |
| - | | - | 6.8 | | 25.0 | 5.9 | | 19.3 |
| 10.7 | | - | 8.4 | | 20.1 | 10.1 | | 16.3 |
| 3.0 | | - | 4.5 | | 15.3 | 3.2 | | 15.0 |
| u45.2 | | - | 38.6 | | 49.6 | 51.4 | | 49.8 |
Unemployment rate (%)number of unemployed persons aged 15 to 74 per 100 economically active people of the same age group | 13.1 | | - | 12.3 | | 9.9 | 4.5 | | 6.7 |
Unemployment rate of population with tertiary education (%)number of unemployed persons aged 15 to 74 with ISCED 5-6 per 100 economically active people of the same age group and level of education | 7.9 | | - | 8.0 | | 5.8 | 2.8 | | 4.2 |
Unemployment rate of population aged 20 to 24 (%)number of unemployed persons aged 20 to 24 per 100 same age economically active people | 19.9 | | - | 19.4 | | 20.6 | 9.7 | | 14.0 |
| - | | - | 57.3 | | 44.0 | - | | 41.8 |
| 71.7 | | - | 63.1 | | 76.6 | 57.3 | | 74.2 |
| 39.8 | | 100.0 | 62.5 | | 100.0 | 71.1 | | 100.0 |
| 102.3 | | - | 278.0 | | - | 540.0 | | - |
Personnel in R&DFTE - full-time equivalent | 3,745 | | s1,747,667 | 5,724 | | 2,256,720 | 6,394 | | 2,921,544 |
| 16.7 | | s52.6 | 37.1 | | 53.7 | 41.3 | | 59.6 |
| 33.6 | | s64.3 | 63.2 | | 63.1 | 53.3 | | 66.7 |
| - | | - | 73.0 | | 68.0 | 81.0 | | 77.0 |
| 8,500.0 | | 19,200.0 | 18,300.0 | | 25,600.0 | 25,800.0 | | 31,300.0 |
| 4.8 | | 65.5 | 6.2 | | 81.7 | 8.6 | | 77.5 |
| 20 | | 26 | 16 | | 25 | 19 | | 27 |
| - | | - | 0.4 | | - | 0.2 | | 0.2 |
| - | | - | 0.1 | | - | 0.0 | | 0.3 |
| -4.0 | | 0.6 | 5.8 | | 0.9 | 4.2 | | 2.5 |
| -7.1 | | -0.4 | 1.3 | | 0.6 | 2.5 | | 2.3 |
| 54.8 | | 55.8 | 50.3 | | 55.4 | 49.8 | | 53.0 |
| 18.6 | | 19.7 | 18.4 | | 21.2 | 19.5 | | 20.6 |
| 27.4 | | 22.7 | 26.2 | | 21.1 | 26.2 | | 22.5 |
Share of renewable energyin gross final energy consumption | - | | - | 25.5 | | 14.5 | 31.7 | | 19.9 |
| - | | - | 14.1 | | - | 22.3 | | s8.5 |
| 0.7 | | s1.8 | 2.3 | | 2.0 | 1.6 | | 2.2 |
| 4.1 | | - | 6.8 | | 6.7 | 7.6 | | 8.9 |
| - | | - | 69.0 | | 72.0 | 90.0 | | 90.0 |
| - | | - | 73.0 | | 65.0 | 88.0 | | 84.0 |
| 2,022 | | - | 4,491 | | - | 8,544 | | - |
| 42.0 | | - | 41.1 | | s44.2 | 39.3 | | s43.0 |
| 18.0 | | - | 17.5 | | s16.9 | 21.7 | | s16.5 |
| 35.0 | | - | 31.9 | | 30.5 | 30.5 | | s30.2 |
| - | | - | - | | 50.8 | 44.8 | | Pro50.4 |
| - | | - | 69.4 | | s44.0 | 62.8 | | 47.3 |
| - | | - | § | | 30.9 | 72.3 | | 30.8 |
| - | | - | 62.5 | | 101.5 | 84.1 | | 133.0 |
| - | | - | 110 | | - | - | | - |