| 10,862,132 | | 429,481,944 | 11,104,899 | | 440,247,483 | 10,721,582 | | Pro446,883,180 |
| 2.5 | | 100.0 | 2.5 | | 100.0 | Pro2.4 | | Pro100.0 |
| Pro7.0 | | - | 8.4 | | - | 7.8 | | - |
Ageing indexnumber of elderly people (aged 65 and over) per 100 young people (aged 0 to 14) | 116.7 | | 95.6 | 132.9 | | 116.0 | 155.0 | | Pro134.7 |
| 38.7 | | 38.4 | 41.5 | | 41.6 | 44.9 | | Pro43.7 |
Young people (%)individuals aged 0 to 14 | 15.1 | | 16.7 | 14.7 | | 15.4 | 14.3 | | Pro15.1 |
Elderly people (%)individuals aged 65 and over | 18 | | 16 | 19 | | 18 | 22 | | Pro20 |
Working age people per elderly personindividuals aged 15 to 64 per each individual aged 65 and over | 3.8 | | 4.2 | 3.4 | | 3.7 | 2.9 | | Pro3.2 |
Total fertility rateaverage number of children per woman of childbearing age | 1.25 | | 1.43 | 1.40 | | 1.54 | 1.34 | | Pro1.53 |
| 29.3 | | 29.0 | 30.5 | | 30.2 | 31.7 | | Pro30.9 |
| 4.3 | | 26.8 | 7.4 | | 37.8 | 12.4 | | - |
Infant mortality rate (‰)number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1000 live births | 5.1 | | 5.8 | 3.4 | | 3.8 | 3.7 | | 3.4 |
| 79.1 | | - | 80.8 | | 80.1 | 81.7 | | Pro81.3 |
| - | | - | 4,481.5 | | 184,224.5 | 4,648.7 | | 195,593.0 |
| - | | - | 2.5 | | 2.4 | 2.3 | | 2.3 |
| - | | - | 27.1 | | 31.8 | 32.2 | | 34.5 |
| 47.7 | | - | 35.4 | | 27.0 | 23.2 | | 21.6 |
| 25.0 | | - | 29.1 | | 33.4 | 43.1 | | 40.3 |
| 16.9 | | - | 12.9 | | 13.2 | 4.1 | | 10.2 |
| 227 | | - | 173 | | - | 162 | | Pro258 |
| 481 | | - | 447 | | 568 | 418 | | Pro532 |
Employment rate (%)number of employed aged 20 to 64 per 100 individuals of same age group | 61.5 | | 65.8 | 59.3 | | 67.1 | 60.8 | | 72.7 |
| 95.9 | | - | 93.1 | | 81.7 | 90.8 | | 80.8 |
| 7.2 | | - | 10.2 | | 30.3 | 13.6 | | 30.6 |
| 31.3 | | - | 30.7 | | 15.4 | 28.7 | | 14.2 |
| 56.3 | | - | 43.0 | | 25.0 | 28.5 | | 19.3 |
| 30.4 | | - | 23.2 | | 20.1 | 12.8 | | 16.3 |
| 13.5 | | - | 11.8 | | 15.3 | 12.6 | | 15.0 |
| 47.0 | | - | 49.3 | | 49.6 | 52.6 | | 49.8 |
Unemployment rate (%)number of unemployed persons aged 15 to 74 per 100 economically active people of the same age group | 10.5 | | - | 17.9 | | 9.9 | 17.3 | | 6.7 |
Unemployment rate of population with tertiary education (%)number of unemployed persons aged 15 to 74 with ISCED 5-6 per 100 economically active people of the same age group and level of education | 7.7 | | - | 14.2 | | 5.8 | 12.2 | | 4.2 |
Unemployment rate of population aged 20 to 24 (%)number of unemployed persons aged 20 to 24 per 100 same age economically active people | 26.5 | | - | 43.0 | | 20.6 | 34.3 | | 14.0 |
| 52.8 | | - | 49.5 | | 44.0 | 70.2 | | 41.8 |
| 94.0 | | - | 89.9 | | 76.6 | 92.5 | | 74.2 |
| 80.7 | | 100.0 | 66.0 | | 100.0 | Pro56.7 | | 100.0 |
| 547.6 | | - | 869.7 | | - | 721.0 | | - |
Personnel in R&DFTE - full-time equivalent | 30,226 | | s1,747,667 | 36,913 | | 2,256,720 | 53,932 | | 2,921,544 |
| 37.0 | | s52.6 | 17.1 | | 53.7 | 26.6 | | 59.6 |
| 32.7 | | s64.3 | 34.9 | | 63.1 | 46.1 | | 66.7 |
| - | | - | 64.0 | | 68.0 | 59.0 | | 77.0 |
| 17,300.0 | | 19,200.0 | 19,100.0 | | 25,600.0 | 20,700.0 | | 31,300.0 |
| 107.1 | | 65.5 | 175.2 | | 81.7 | Pro180.7 | | 77.5 |
| 19 | | 26 | 16 | | 25 | 17 | | 27 |
| - | | - | 0.3 | | - | Pro0.2 | | 0.2 |
| - | | - | 0.5 | | - | Pro0.5 | | 0.3 |
| - | | 0.6 | -4.8 | | 0.9 | Pro-0.9 | | 2.5 |
| - | | -0.4 | -8.8 | | 0.6 | Pro-1.5 | | 2.3 |
| 66.2 | | 55.8 | 69.7 | | 55.4 | Pro69.1 | | 53.0 |
| 18.7 | | 19.7 | 22.1 | | 21.2 | Pro20.0 | | 20.6 |
| 24.7 | | 22.7 | 13.7 | | 21.1 | 10.6 | | 22.5 |
Share of renewable energyin gross final energy consumption | - | | - | 11.2 | | 14.5 | 19.6 | | 19.9 |
| s0.7 | | - | 5.2 | | - | 10.3 | | s8.5 |
| 0.6 | | s1.8 | 0.7 | | 2.0 | Pro1.3 | | 2.2 |
| 3.1 | | - | 5.1 | | 6.7 | 8.4 | | 8.9 |
| - | | - | 50.0 | | 72.0 | 79.0 | | 90.0 |
| - | | - | 47.0 | | 65.0 | 74.0 | | 84.0 |
| 5,141 | | - | 6,976 | | - | 5,859 | | - |
| 39.0 | | - | 44.9 | | s44.2 | 48.4 | | s43.0 |
| 20.0 | | - | 21.4 | | s16.9 | 17.9 | | s16.5 |
| 33.0 | | - | 33.5 | | 30.5 | 31.0 | | s30.2 |
| 44.7 | | - | 30.0 | | 50.8 | 34.8 | | Pro50.4 |
| 75.5 | | - | s73.5 | | s44.0 | 83.5 | | 47.3 |
| 11.6 | | - | 9.9 | | 30.9 | 13.4 | | 30.8 |
| - | | - | 109.8 | | 101.5 | 132.8 | | 133.0 |
| - | | - | 130 | | - | 130 | | - |