| 20,273 | | - | 20,273 | | 4,496,558 | 20,273 | | 4,494,509 |
| 1,992,060 | | 488,601,617 | 2,052,843 | | 503,506,401 | 2,063,531 | | Pro509,408,640 |
Population densitymean number of inhabitants per km2 | 98.2 | | - | 101.1 | | 111.9 | 101.8 | | s113.1 |
| 0.4 | | 100.0 | 0.4 | | 100.0 | Pro0.4 | | Pro100.0 |
| 2.1 | | - | 4.0 | | - | 4.9 | | - |
Ageing indexnumber of elderly people (aged 65 and over) per 100 young people (aged 0 to 14) | 91.9 | | 94.1 | 116.9 | | 112.9 | 122.7 | | Pro122.0 |
| 38.2 | | 38.3 | 41.7 | | 41.3 | 42.8 | | Pro42.4 |
Young people (%)individuals aged 0 to 14 | 15.6 | | 16.9 | 14.2 | | 15.7 | 14.8 | | Pro15.6 |
Elderly people (%)individuals aged 65 and over | 14.3 | | 15.9 | 16.7 | | 17.7 | 18.2 | | Pro19.0 |
Working age people per elderly personindividuals aged 15 to 64 per each individual aged 65 and over | 4.9 | | 4.2 | 4.1 | | 3.8 | 3.7 | | Pro3.4 |
Total fertility rateaverage number of children per woman of childbearing age | 1.21 | | 1.46 | 1.56 | | 1.59 | 1.57 | | Pro1.57 |
| 28.5 | | 29.0 | 30.1 | | 30.1 | 30.2 | | Pro30.5 |
| 39.4 | | - | 56.8 | | Pro39.3 | 57.9 | | - |
Infant mortality rate (‰)number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1000 live births | 4.2 | | 5.8 | 2.9 | | Pro3.9 | 1.6 | | s3.6 |
| 76.4 | | - | 80.1 | | 80.2 | 80.9 | | Pro80.6 |
| - | | - | 829.8 | | 211,955.4 | 882.7 | | 218,965.2 |
| - | | - | 2.5 | | 2.3 | 2.3 | | 2.3 |
| - | | - | 29.2 | | 31.9 | 34.4 | | 33.3 |
| 1,848.8 | | s475,592.0 | 2,469.7 | | s663,029.3 | - | | - |
| 75.8 | | - | 84.5 | | 73.4 | 86.8 | | 76.5 |
| 6.4 | | - | 4.2 | | 13.4 | 5.0 | | 11.0 |
| 11,991 | | - | 20,461 | | - | 18,631 | | 4,609,701 |
| 59.4 | | - | 60.3 | | - | 61.0 | | 57.6 |
| - | | - | 25.5 | | - | 48.5 | | - |
| - | | - | 400.9 | | - | 354.0 | | Pro281.1 |
| 516.3 | | - | 462.4 | | 534.7 | 451.4 | | Pro514.5 |
| 23.5 | | - | 24.4 | | Pro29.8 | Pro23.4 | | - |
| 23.9 | | - | 24.5 | | Pro28.3 | Pro23.8 | | - |
| 836.1 | | - | 1,114.6 | | Pro2,420.4 | Pro1,263.0 | | - |
Employment rate (%)number of employed aged 15 and over per 100 individuals of same age group | 54.4 | | - | 53.2 | | 51.8 | 52.2 | | 52.2 |
| 93.9 | | - | 89.6 | | 80.5 | 89.2 | | 79.5 |
| 7.5 | | - | 13.3 | | 32.1 | 14.4 | | 32.7 |
| 11.8 | | - | 12.6 | | 15.1 | 12.5 | | 14.9 |
| 19.5 | | - | 11.5 | | 24.2 | 8.2 | | 21.1 |
| 16.8 | | - | 9.5 | | 19.7 | 8.6 | | 17.0 |
| 13.0 | | - | 18.0 | | 14.0 | 17.8 | | 14.1 |
| 48.2 | | - | 52.3 | | 49.8 | 49.4 | | 49.5 |
Unemployment rate (%)number of unemployed persons aged 15 to 74 per 100 economically active people of the same age group | 5.7 | | - | 8.2 | | 9.6 | 9.0 | | 9.4 |
Unemployment rate of population with tertiary education (%)number of unemployed persons aged 15 to 74 with ISCED 5-6 per 100 economically active people of the same age group and level of education | u2.3 | | - | 4.9 | | 5.5 | 5.8 | | 5.6 |
Unemployment rate of population aged 20 to 24 (%)number of unemployed persons aged 20 to 24 per 100 same age economically active people | 14.6 | | - | 15.9 | | 19.9 | 16.6 | | 19.0 |
| u63.3 | | - | 44.2 | | 42.8 | 52.4 | | 48.3 |
| 73.4 | | - | 72.6 | | 74.5 | 74.5 | | 73.7 |
| 76.5 | | 100.0 | 80.4 | | 100.0 | 78.7 | | 100.0 |
| 390.9 | | // | 748.1 | | // | 790.7 | | // |
| - | | - | 4.5 | | - | 4.0 | | - |
| - | | - | 1.3 | | - | Pro1.4 | | - |
| - | | - | 87.7 | | - | 85.6 | | - |
Personnel in R&DFTE - full-time equivalent | 8,608 | | - | 15,269 | | 2,612,978 | 14,225 | | s2,874,137 |
| 49.4 | | - | 63.0 | | 52.5 | 64.8 | | s54.7 |
| 57.8 | | s64.6 | 73.9 | | 63.2 | 76.3 | | 64.5 |
| - | | - | 74.0 | | 69.0 | 83.0 | | 75.0 |
| 16,450.7 | | 20,559.7 | 21,726.2 | | 26,202.0 | 23,864.4 | | Pro28,912.8 |
| 26.0 | | 59.3 | 46.6 | | 81.5 | 82.6 | | 84.6 |
| 16.4 | | - | 16.7 | | 26.0 | 14.6 | | 26.8 |
| - | | - | 0.1 | | 0.1 | 0.2 | | 0.1 |
| - | | - | 0.1 | | 0.3 | 0.1 | | 0.3 |
| -0.9 | | -0.3 | 1.2 | | -0.1 | 8.6 | | 2.0 |
| 0.0 | | -1.1 | 0.2 | | -0.3 | 4.4 | | 1.1 |
| 55.8 | | 58.2 | 56.0 | | 57.1 | 53.5 | | 56.3 |
| 18.9 | | 19.1 | 20.4 | | 21.0 | 18.6 | | 20.4 |
| 26.4 | | 21.4 | 20.2 | | 20.1 | 18.9 | | 19.5 |
| 24.7 | | 10.7 | 26.1 | | 20.6 | 30.2 | | 26.7 |
| 0.5 | | 0.5 | 0.5 | | 0.5 | 0.5 | | Pro0.5 |
| - | | - | 1.6 | | - | 2.1 | | 2.5 |
| 1.5 | | s1.8 | 2.4 | | 2.0 | 2.2 | | 2.0 |
| 4.6 | | - | 8.6 | | 6.8 | 7.8 | | s7.5 |
| 34.4 | | - | 35.3 | | - | 34.0 | | - |
| - | | - | 67.0 | | 67.0 | 78.0 | | 80.0 |
| - | | - | 64.0 | | 67.0 | 71.0 | | 76.0 |
| 5,956 | | - | 8,364 | | - | 9,061 | | - |
| 38.0 | | - | 40.2 | | 44.1 | 42.5 | | 44.7 |
| 11.0 | | - | 13.6 | | 16.8 | 14.3 | | 17.3 |
| 22.0 | | - | 23.8 | | 30.8 | 24.5 | | 31.0 |
| - | | - | 58.9 | | s51.6 | 52.3 | | Pro48.9 |
| 53.1 | | - | 57.6 | | s43.5 | 63.9 | | s45.4 |
| - | | - | 66.3 | | s33.2 | 74.9 | | s30.6 |
| - | | - | 1 | | - | 1 | | - |
| 442.5 | | 419.8 | 519.5 | | 483.1 | 522.8 | | Pro499.1 |
| - | | - | 130 | | - | 130 | | - |
| 1,229 | | 217,502 | 1,209 | | 216,191 | 1,209 | | 218,181 |