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R&D Expenditure and Government Budget
Europe 2020    Themes    Summary Table    Advanced Search
EUROPE

Expenditure in research and development activities (R&D) as a % of GDP: by sector of performance

Year
Indicator
EU27 (2020)
2018
 
(no values)
Portugal
2018
Pro1.35
%
EU27 (2020)
1982
 
(no values)
Portugal
1982
 
(no values)
Operations
Options
 
Click here to see the graphic in detail
Ratio - %
Groups/Countries
Performance sectors
Total
Business enterprise sector
Government sector
Higher education sector
Private non-profit sector
Years More years here
1982
2018
1982
2018
1982
2018
1982
2018
1982
2018
European Union 27 (since 2020)xxxxxxxxxx
   Austria-Pro3.17-Pro2.22-Pro0.23-Pro0.71-Pro0.02
   Belgium-Pro2.76-Pro1.95-Pro0.26-Pro0.54-Pro0.02
   Bulgaria-Pro0.75-Pro0.54-Pro0.17-Pro0.04-Pro0.00
   Croatia-Pro0.97-Pro0.47-Pro0.19-Pro0.31--
   Cyprus-Pro0.55-Pro0.20-Pro0.05-Pro0.23-Pro0.06
   Czech Republic-Pro1.93-Pro1.20-Pro0.32-Pro0.41-Pro0.00
   Denmark-Pro3.03-Pro1.95-Pro0.09-Pro0.98-Pro0.01
   Estonia-Pro1.40-Pro0.59-Pro0.16-Pro0.63-Pro0.02
   Finland-2.75-1.80-0.23-0.69-0.02
   France-Pro2.20-Pro1.44-Pro0.28-Pro0.45-Pro0.03
   Germany-s3.13-s2.16-0.42-s0.56--
   Greece-Pro1.18-Pro0.57-Pro0.26-Pro0.33-Pro0.01
   Hungary-1.53-1.16-0.17-0.19--
   Ireland-1.15-s0.86-0.05-0.24--
   Italy-Pro1.39-Pro0.86-Pro0.18-Pro0.33-Pro0.02
   Latvia-Pro0.64-Pro0.16-Pro0.15-Pro0.33--
   Lithuania-Pro0.88-Pro0.33-Pro0.19-Pro0.34--
   Luxembourg-Pro1.21-Pro0.68-s0.29-s0.25--
   Malta-0.55-0.32-0.01-0.22--
   Netherlands-Pro2.16-Pro1.45-Pro0.13-Pro0.59--
   Poland-Pro1.21-Pro0.80-Pro0.02-Pro0.38-Pro0.00
   Portugal-Pro1.35-Pro0.69-Pro0.08-Pro0.57-Pro0.02
   Romania-Pro0.50-Pro0.30-Pro0.15-Pro0.05-Pro0.00
   Slovakia-0.84-0.45-0.18-0.20-0.00
   Slovenia-Pro1.95-Pro1.45-Pro0.26-Pro0.23-Pro0.01
   Spain-Pro1.24-Pro0.70-Pro0.21-Pro0.33-Pro0.00
   Sweden-3.31-2.35-0.12-0.84-0.00
United Kingdom-Pro1.70-Pro1.18-Pro0.10-Pro0.38-Pro0.04
Iceland-2.02-1.30-0.08-0.64-0.00
Sources/Entities: Eurostat | NSI, Eurostat | OECD | National Entities, PORDATA
Last updated: 2020-01-31
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Government budget appropriations or outlays for research and development (R&D) as a % of GDP in Europe
Gross Domestic Product (Euro) in Europe
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