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R&D Expenditure and Government Budget
Europe 2020    Themes    Summary Table    Advanced Search
EUROPE

Expenditure in research and development activities (R&D) as a % of GDP: by sector of performance

Year
Indicator
EU27 (2020)
2019
Pro2.20
%
Portugal
2019
Pro1.41
%
EU27 (2020)
1995
 
(no values)
Portugal
1995
0.52
%
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Ratio - %
Groups/Countries
Performance sectors
Total
Business enterprise sector
Government sector
Higher education sector
Private non-profit sector
Years More years here
1995
2019
1995
2019
1995
2019
1995
2019
1995
2019
European Union 27 (since 2020)-Pro2.20-Pro1.46-Pro0.25-Pro0.47-Pro0.01
   Germany2.14s3.171.42s2.190.330.430.39s0.55--
   Austrias1.53Pro3.18-Pro2.22-Pro0.23-Pro0.71-Pro0.02
   Belgium1.65Pro2.911.17Pro2.050.08Pro0.280.37Pro0.560.02Pro0.02
   Bulgaria0.43Pro0.840.21Pro0.570.18Pro0.210.04Pro0.06-Pro0.01
   Cyprus-Pro0.64-Pro0.26-Pro0.05-Pro0.26-Pro0.07
   Croatia-Pro1.11-Pro0.55-Pro0.21-Pro0.36--
   Denmark1.79Pro2.981.03Pro1.880.30Pro0.080.44Pro1.010.02Pro0.01
   Slovakia0.900.820.490.450.360.160.050.210.000.00
   Slovenias1.49Pro2.060.69Pro1.520.38Pro0.28s0.41Pro0.240.01Pro0.01
   Spain0.77Pro1.140.37Pro0.620.14Pro0.200.25Pro0.320.01Pro0.00
   Estonia-Pro1.61-Pro0.860.40Pro0.170.16Pro0.57-Pro0.02
   Finland2.202.791.391.830.370.230.430.710.010.02
   France2.24Pro2.191.37Pro1.440.47Pro0.270.37Pro0.450.03Pro0.03
   Greece┴0.42Pro1.250.12Pro0.570.11Pro0.28┴0.18Pro0.380.00Pro0.01
   Hungary0.71Pro1.500.31Pro1.130.18Pro0.150.17Pro0.21--
   Irelands1.230.780.86Pro0.510.110.05s0.250.23s0.01-
   Italy0.93Pro1.450.50Pro0.910.20Pro0.180.24Pro0.33-Pro0.02
   Latvia0.43Pro0.640.12Pro0.170.20Pro0.120.11Pro0.35--
   Lithuania0.43Pro1.00-Pro0.43-Pro0.20-Pro0.36--
   Luxembourg-Pro1.19-Pro0.60-Pro0.33-Pro0.26--
   Malta-Pro0.61-Pro0.38-Pro0.00-Pro0.22--
   Netherlands1.82Pro2.160.95Pro1.460.33Pro0.120.53Pro0.580.02Pro0.00
   Poland┴0.62Pro1.33┴0.24Pro0.84┴0.22Pro0.020.16Pro0.470.00Pro0.00
   Portugal0.52Pro1.41┴0.11Pro0.740.14Pro0.07┴0.19Pro0.57┴0.08Pro0.03
   Czech Republic┴0.88Pro1.94┴0.57Pro1.20┴0.23Pro0.32┴0.07Pro0.42-Pro0.01
   Romania┴0.76Pro0.48┴0.59Pro0.28┴0.15Pro0.15┴0.02Pro0.05-Pro0.00
   Sweden┴s3.10Pro3.39┴s2.312.440.110.15┴0.67Pro0.79┴0.00Pro0.00
Iceland1.51-0.48-0.56-0.41-0.05-
United Kingdom1.65Pro1.761.07Pro1.200.24Pro0.120.32Pro0.410.02Pro0.04
Sources/Entities: Eurostat | OECD | National Entities, Eurostat | NSI, PORDATA
Last updated: 2020-12-03
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Related
Government budget appropriations or outlays for research and development (R&D) as a % of GDP in Europe
Gross Domestic Product (Euro) in Europe
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