| 701,544 | | 429,481,944 | 850,881 | | 440,247,483 | 900,356 | | Pro446,971,390 |
| 0.2 | | 100.0 | 0.2 | | 100.0 | Pro0.2 | | Pro100.0 |
| 8.8 | | - | 20.0 | | - | 18.5 | | - |
Ageing indexnumber of elderly people (aged 65 and over) per 100 young people (aged 0 to 14) | 52.4 | | 95.6 | 76.5 | | 116.0 | 102.7 | | - |
| 33.6 | | 38.4 | 35.7 | | 41.6 | 38.0 | | 44.1 |
Young people (%)individuals aged 0 to 14 | 21.9 | | 16.7 | 16.7 | | 15.4 | 16.0 | | - |
65 or more (%)individuals aged 65 and over | 11.5 | | 15.9 | 12.7 | | 17.9 | 16.5 | | - |
Working age people per elderly personindividuals aged 15 to 64 per each individual aged 65 and over | 5.8 | | 4.2 | 5.5 | | 3.7 | 4.1 | | - |
Total fertility rateaverage number of children per woman of childbearing age | 1.57 | | 1.43 | 1.35 | | 1.54 | 1.39 | | Pro1.53 |
| 28.9 | | 29.0 | 30.5 | | 30.2 | 31.8 | | Pro31.1 |
| 2.5 | | 26.8 | 16.9 | | 37.8 | - | | - |
Infant mortality rate (‰)number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1000 live births | 4.9 | | 5.8 | 3.1 | | 3.8 | 2.7 | | - |
| 79.0 | | - | 81.2 | | 80.1 | 81.3 | | Pro80.1 |
| - | | - | 300.3 | | 184,224.5 | 343.7 | | 196,858.0 |
| - | | - | 2.7 | | 2.4 | 2.5 | | 2.2 |
| - | | - | 19.1 | | 31.8 | 25.1 | | 35.9 |
| 17.9 | | - | 11.3 | | 13.2 | 10.2 | | 9.8 |
| 32.7 | | - | 46.2 | | 33.4 | 61.5 | | 41.9 |
| 37.1 | | - | 24.8 | | 27.0 | 15.4 | | 20.9 |
| - | | - | - | | - | - | | - |
| - | | - | - | | - | - | | - |
| 13.8 | | - | 20.1 | | 28.2 | - | | - |
Employment rate (%)number of employed aged 20 to 64 per 100 individuals of same age group | - | | - | 73.4 | | 67.1 | 75.9 | | 73.1 |
| 91.6 | | - | 89.8 | | 81.7 | 88.6 | | 81.4 |
| 12.9 | | - | 12.9 | | 30.3 | 13.4 | | 29.4 |
| 20.4 | | - | 16.0 | | 15.4 | 11.0 | | 13.8 |
| 40.8 | | - | 27.9 | | 25.0 | 14.4 | | 18.1 |
| 27.6 | | - | 19.4 | | 20.1 | 12.7 | | 15.7 |
| 10.8 | | - | 14.2 | | 15.3 | 13.0 | | 14.0 |
Unemployment rate (%)number of unemployed persons aged 15 to 74 per 100 economically active people of the same age group | 4.0 | | - | 7.9 | | 9.9 | 7.5 | | 7.1 |
Unemployment rate of population with tertiary education (%)number of unemployed persons aged 15 to 74 with ISCED 5-6 per 100 economically active people of the same age group and level of education | 2.8 | | - | 7.2 | | 5.8 | 6.3 | | 4.5 |
Unemployment rate of population aged 20 to 24 (%)number of unemployed persons aged 20 to 24 per 100 same age economically active people | 7.1 | | - | 21.4 | | 20.6 | 15.2 | | 15.2 |
| - | | - | - | | 44.0 | 34.2 | | 39.2 |
| 62.1 | | - | 56.9 | | 76.6 | 56.8 | | 75.3 |
| // | | - | // | | - | // | | - |
| 0.2 | | s1.8 | 0.5 | | s2.0 | Pro0.9 | | s2.3 |
| 19.4 | | s64.3 | 15.3 | | s63.1 | Pro46.9 | | s65.9 |
Personnel in R&DFTE - full-time equivalent | 690 | | s1,747,667 | 1,299 | | s2,256,720 | Pro2,325 | | Pro3,122,332 |
| 20.9 | | s52.6 | 20.8 | | s53.7 | Pro36.3 | | Pro60.2 |
| 1.1 | | - | 2.2 | | s6.7 | Pro3.6 | | s9.6 |
| - | | - | 57.4 | | 71.6 | 93.4 | | 92.3 |
| - | | - | 53.9 | | 65.5 | 90.6 | | 87.2 |
| - | | - | 55.8 | | 67.9 | 69.4 | | 77.7 |
| 18,900 | | 19,200 | 24,900 | | 25,700 | 29,400 | | 32,400 |
| 82.4 | | 100.0 | 81.0 | | 100.0 | Pro76.3 | | 100.0 |
| 57.4 | | 65.6 | 65.8 | | 81.8 | 101.2 | | 88.0 |
| 1,085 | | 970,649 | 1,922 | | 1,271,009 | 2,404 | | - |
| - | | - | 0.3 | | - | 0.3 | | 0.1 |
| - | | - | 0.5 | | - | 1.2 | | 0.3 |
| - | | 0.6 | -3.8 | | 0.9 | 2.9 | | 2.6 |
| - | | -0.4 | -2.3 | | 0.6 | -6.8 | | 2.6 |
| 61.6 | | 55.8 | 65.8 | | 55.4 | 59.3 | | 51.0 |
| 15.9 | | 19.7 | 19.0 | | 21.2 | 19.6 | | 22.0 |
| 19.0 | | 22.7 | 19.0 | | 21.1 | 19.5 | | 22.5 |
Share of renewable energy (%)in gross final energy consumption | - | | - | 6.2 | | 14.5 | 18.4 | | 21.8 |
| - | | - | 5 | | 2,296 | - | | - |
Primary energy consumption(6)toe (tonne of oil equivalent) - Millions | 2.4 | | 1,434.2 | 2.7 | | 1,412.1 | 2.3 | | 1,309.0 |
Final energy consumption(6)toe (tonne of oil equivalent) - Millions | 1.7 | | 1,002.9 | 1.9 | | 984.6 | 1.7 | | 967.9 |
| - | | - | s2.9 | | - | Pro6.3 | | - |
| 3.1 | | - | 1.6 | | 1.4 | 1.4 | | 1.3 |
| - | | - | 26 | | s3,493 | - | | - |
| - | | - | 11,497 | | - | 11,001 | | - |
| - | | - | 33.3 | | s44.2 | 35.8 | | 45.2 |
| - | | - | 14.8 | | s16.9 | 13.8 | | 16.8 |
| - | | - | 29.2 | | 30.5 | 29.4 | | 30.2 |
| - | | - | 15.0 | | s13.2 | - | | - |
| - | | - | - | | 50.8 | s36.9 | | - |
| 96.1 | | - | 91.8 | | s44.0 | 84.1 | | - |
| - | | - | § | | 30.9 | s25.0 | | 21.8 |
| - | | - | 123.6 | | 103.9 | 121.7 | | 103.5 |
| - | | - | 100 | | - | 100 | | - |