| 16,046,180 | | 429,481,944 | 16,693,074 | | 440,247,483 | 17,533,044 | | Pro446,971,390 |
| 3.7 | | 100.0 | 3.8 | | 100.0 | Pro3.9 | | Pro100.0 |
| 3.7 | | - | 4.0 | | - | 6.7 | | - |
Ageing indexnumber of elderly people (aged 65 and over) per 100 young people (aged 0 to 14) | 73.2 | | 95.6 | 91.5 | | 116.0 | 128.7 | | - |
| 37.6 | | 38.4 | 41.0 | | 41.6 | 42.7 | | 44.1 |
Young people (%)individuals aged 0 to 14 | 18.6 | | 16.7 | 17.4 | | 15.4 | 15.5 | | - |
65 or more (%)individuals aged 65 and over | 13.6 | | 15.9 | 15.9 | | 17.9 | 19.9 | | - |
Working age people per elderly personindividuals aged 15 to 64 per each individual aged 65 and over | 5.0 | | 4.2 | 4.2 | | 3.7 | 3.2 | | - |
Total fertility rateaverage number of children per woman of childbearing age | 1.71 | | 1.43 | 1.76 | | 1.54 | 1.62 | | Pro1.53 |
| 30.3 | | 29.0 | 30.9 | | 30.2 | 31.8 | | Pro31.1 |
| 27.2 | | 26.8 | 45.3 | | 37.8 | 55.6 | | - |
Infant mortality rate (‰)number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1000 live births | 5.4 | | 5.8 | 3.6 | | 3.8 | 3.3 | | - |
| 78.4 | | - | 81.3 | | 80.1 | 81.4 | | Pro80.1 |
| - | | - | 7,367.5 | | 184,224.5 | 8,317.2 | | 196,858.0 |
| - | | - | 2.2 | | 2.4 | 2.1 | | 2.2 |
| - | | - | 35.1 | | 31.8 | 42.8 | | 35.9 |
| 15.1 | | - | 9.2 | | 13.2 | 5.1 | | 9.8 |
| 27.2 | | - | 41.2 | | 33.4 | 53.4 | | 41.9 |
| 33.1 | | - | 27.5 | | 27.0 | 19.4 | | 20.9 |
| 398 | | - | 319 | | - | - | | - |
| 475 | | - | 397 | | - | - | | - |
| 24.0 | | - | 29.9 | | 28.2 | - | | - |
Employment rate (%)number of employed aged 20 to 64 per 100 individuals of same age group | - | | - | 77.2 | | 67.1 | 81.7 | | 73.1 |
| 57.8 | | - | 51.1 | | 81.7 | 55.9 | | 81.4 |
| 71.3 | | - | 76.7 | | 30.3 | 64.5 | | 29.4 |
| 10.8 | | - | 14.5 | | 15.4 | 15.4 | | 13.8 |
| 25.2 | | - | 20.5 | | 25.0 | 15.3 | | 18.1 |
| 30.1 | | - | 25.6 | | 20.1 | 19.7 | | 15.7 |
| 14.3 | | - | 18.1 | | 15.3 | 27.4 | | 14.0 |
Unemployment rate (%)number of unemployed persons aged 15 to 74 per 100 economically active people of the same age group | 2.1 | | - | 5.0 | | 9.9 | 4.2 | | 7.1 |
Unemployment rate of population with tertiary education (%)number of unemployed persons aged 15 to 74 with ISCED 5-6 per 100 economically active people of the same age group and level of education | 1.6 | | - | 3.1 | | 5.8 | 2.9 | | 4.5 |
Unemployment rate of population aged 20 to 24 (%)number of unemployed persons aged 20 to 24 per 100 same age economically active people | 2.8 | | - | 7.8 | | 20.6 | 6.8 | | 15.2 |
| u34.7 | | - | 32.4 | | 44.0 | 19.6 | | 39.2 |
| 55.8 | | - | 55.0 | | 76.6 | 49.3 | | 75.3 |
| 1,167.5 | | - | 1,424.4 | | - | 1,692.9 | | - |
| 1.8 | | s1.8 | 1.9 | | s2.0 | Pro2.3 | | s2.3 |
| 54.4 | | s64.3 | 56.6 | | s63.1 | Pro67.5 | | s65.9 |
Personnel in R&DFTE - full-time equivalent | 92,904 | | s1,747,667 | 117,436 | | s2,256,720 | Pro172,436 | | Pro3,122,332 |
| 52.1 | | s52.6 | 63.0 | | s53.7 | Pro72.0 | | Pro60.2 |
| 5.6 | | - | 7.1 | | s6.7 | Pro11.3 | | s9.6 |
| - | | - | 93.6 | | 71.6 | 98.6 | | 92.3 |
| - | | - | 89.5 | | 65.5 | 93.9 | | 87.2 |
| - | | - | 82.0 | | 67.9 | 92.3 | | 77.7 |
| 27,500 | | 19,200 | 34,700 | | 25,700 | 42,100 | | 32,400 |
| 141.1 | | 100.0 | 132.6 | | 100.0 | Pro121.5 | | 100.0 |
| 49.5 | | 65.6 | 61.7 | | 81.8 | Pro52.5 | | 88.0 |
| 46,559 | | 970,649 | 61,663 | | 1,271,009 | 107,308 | | - |
| - | | - | 0.0 | | - | Pro0.0 | | 0.1 |
| - | | - | 0.0 | | - | Pro0.1 | | 0.3 |
| - | | 0.6 | 8.4 | | 0.9 | Pro10.3 | | 2.6 |
| - | | -0.4 | 8.6 | | 0.6 | Pro7.3 | | 2.6 |
| 49.7 | | 55.8 | 45.6 | | 55.4 | Pro42.0 | | 51.0 |
| 21.0 | | 19.7 | 25.8 | | 21.2 | Pro26.2 | | 22.0 |
| 22.1 | | 22.7 | 20.1 | | 21.1 | 21.6 | | 22.5 |
Share of renewable energy (%)in gross final energy consumption | - | | - | 4.5 | | 14.5 | 12.3 | | 21.8 |
| - | | - | 118 | | 2,296 | - | | - |
Primary energy consumption(5)toe (tonne of oil equivalent) - Millions | 69.0 | | 1,434.2 | 67.1 | | 1,412.1 | 60.8 | | 1,309.0 |
Final energy consumption(5)toe (tonne of oil equivalent) - Millions | 53.3 | | 1,002.9 | 52.0 | | 984.6 | 46.9 | | 967.9 |
| 1.9 | | - | 2.5 | | - | 4.2 | | - |
| 1.9 | | - | 1.3 | | 1.4 | Pro1.3 | | 1.3 |
| - | | - | 166 | | s3,493 | - | | - |
| 9,572 | | - | 11,300 | | - | 14,736 | | - |
| 35.0 | | - | 36.9 | | s44.2 | 37.9 | | 45.2 |
| 11.0 | | - | 11.0 | | s16.9 | 14.4 | | 16.8 |
| 27.0 | | - | 25.8 | | 30.5 | 26.4 | | 30.2 |
| - | | - | 18.6 | | s13.2 | - | | - |
| 67.7 | | - | 70.3 | | 50.8 | 65.4 | | - |
| 31.7 | | - | 32.5 | | s44.0 | 18.4 | | - |
| 54.2 | | - | 38.1 | | 30.9 | 39.6 | | 21.8 |
| - | | - | 119.1 | | 103.9 | 107.2 | | 103.5 |
| - | | - | 120 | | - | 130 | | - |