| 10,362,722 | | 429,481,944 | 10,557,560 | | 440,247,483 | Pro10,325,147 | | Pro446,971,390 |
| 2.4 | | 100.0 | 2.4 | | 100.0 | Pro2.3 | | Pro100.0 |
| Pro2.1 | | - | 4.2 | | - | 6.4 | | - |
Ageing indexnumber of elderly people (aged 65 and over) per 100 young people (aged 0 to 14) | 101.6 | | 95.6 | 125.8 | | 116.0 | Pro175.8 | | - |
| 37.9 | | 38.4 | 41.7 | | 41.6 | 45.8 | | 44.1 |
Young people (%)individuals aged 0 to 14 | 16.2 | | 16.7 | 15.0 | | 15.4 | Pro13.1 | | - |
65 or more (%)individuals aged 65 and over | 16.5 | | 15.9 | 18.9 | | 17.9 | Pro23.0 | | - |
Working age people per elderly personindividuals aged 15 to 64 per each individual aged 65 and over | 4.1 | | 4.2 | 3.5 | | 3.7 | Pro2.8 | | - |
Total fertility rateaverage number of children per woman of childbearing age | 1.45 | | 1.43 | 1.35 | | 1.54 | Pro1.35 | | Pro1.53 |
| 28.7 | | 29.0 | 30.1 | | 30.2 | Pro31.8 | | Pro31.1 |
| 23.8 | | 26.8 | 42.8 | | 37.8 | 60.0 | | - |
Infant mortality rate (‰)number of deaths of children under one year of age per 1000 live births | 5.0 | | 5.8 | 3.1 | | 3.8 | 2.4 | | - |
| 77.2 | | - | 80.7 | | 80.1 | Pro81.5 | | Pro80.1 |
| - | | - | 4,001.2 | | 184,224.5 | 3,795.1 | | 196,858.0 |
| - | | - | 2.6 | | 2.4 | 2.7 | | 2.2 |
| - | | - | 19.2 | | 31.8 | 17.3 | | 35.9 |
| 44.3 | | - | 23.0 | | 13.2 | 5.9 | | 9.8 |
| 11.6 | | - | 26.7 | | 33.4 | 43.7 | | 41.9 |
| 79.9 | | - | 65.4 | | 27.0 | 40.5 | | 20.9 |
| 320 | | - | 251 | | - | - | | - |
| 365 | | - | 337 | | - | - | | - |
| 21.7 | | - | 25.8 | | 28.2 | - | | - |
Employment rate (%)number of employed aged 20 to 64 per 100 individuals of same age group | - | | - | 66.7 | | 67.1 | 75.9 | | 73.1 |
| 88.6 | | - | 86.5 | | 81.7 | 92.1 | | 81.4 |
| 16.8 | | - | 16.4 | | 30.3 | 9.8 | | 29.4 |
| 25.6 | | - | 20.9 | | 15.4 | 14.6 | | 13.8 |
| 87.1 | | - | 73.6 | | 25.0 | 45.9 | | 18.1 |
| 73.7 | | - | 56.4 | | 20.1 | 32.7 | | 15.7 |
| 20.0 | | - | 22.0 | | 15.3 | 17.0 | | 14.0 |
Unemployment rate (%)number of unemployed persons aged 15 to 74 per 100 economically active people of the same age group | 3.9 | | - | 12.9 | | 9.9 | 6.6 | | 7.1 |
Unemployment rate of population with tertiary education (%)number of unemployed persons aged 15 to 74 with ISCED 5-6 per 100 economically active people of the same age group and level of education | 2.6 | | - | 9.0 | | 5.8 | 5.3 | | 4.5 |
Unemployment rate of population aged 20 to 24 (%)number of unemployed persons aged 20 to 24 per 100 same age economically active people | 8.2 | | - | 26.2 | | 20.6 | 21.9 | | 15.2 |
| 38.8 | | - | 48.4 | | 44.0 | 43.3 | | 39.2 |
| 62.8 | | - | 65.3 | | 76.6 | 73.0 | | 75.3 |
| 389.9 | | - | 565.8 | | - | 775.8 | | - |
| 0.8 | | s1.8 | 1.5 | | s2.0 | Pro1.7 | | s2.3 |
| 31.8 | | s64.3 | 47.4 | | s63.1 | Pro59.2 | | s65.9 |
Personnel in R&DFTE - full-time equivalent | 22,970 | | s1,747,667 | 49,599 | | s2,256,720 | Pro69,628 | | Pro3,122,332 |
| 16.9 | | s52.6 | 32.3 | | s53.7 | Pro49.5 | | Pro60.2 |
| 3.5 | | - | 8.6 | | s6.7 | Pro11.3 | | s9.6 |
| - | | - | 58.0 | | 71.6 | 87.3 | | 92.3 |
| - | | - | 51.2 | | 65.5 | 80.2 | | 87.2 |
| - | | - | 53.6 | | 67.9 | 62.0 | | 77.7 |
| 16,200 | | 19,200 | 19,900 | | 25,700 | 24,300 | | 32,400 |
| 66.8 | | 100.0 | 67.8 | | 100.0 | Pro65.1 | | 100.0 |
| 57.4 | | 65.6 | 114.4 | | 81.8 | Pro125.4 | | 88.0 |
| 11,749 | | 970,649 | 16,036 | | 1,271,009 | 20,140 | | - |
| - | | - | 1.4 | | - | Pro1.7 | | 0.1 |
| - | | - | 0.3 | | - | Pro0.2 | | 0.3 |
| -10.0 | | 0.6 | -3.7 | | 0.9 | Pro-2.6 | | 2.6 |
| -10.4 | | -0.4 | -6.0 | | 0.6 | Pro-0.8 | | 2.6 |
| 62.8 | | 55.8 | 65.9 | | 55.4 | Pro63.4 | | 51.0 |
| 19.2 | | 19.7 | 19.7 | | 21.2 | Pro18.8 | | 22.0 |
| 27.4 | | 22.7 | 18.4 | | 21.1 | 20.3 | | 22.5 |
Share of renewable energy (%)in gross final energy consumption | - | | - | 24.6 | | 14.5 | 34.0 | | 21.8 |
| - | | - | 42 | | 2,296 | - | | - |
Primary energy consumption(5)toe (tonne of oil equivalent) - Millions | 23.3 | | 1,434.2 | 22.0 | | 1,412.1 | 19.5 | | 1,309.0 |
Final energy consumption(5)toe (tonne of oil equivalent) - Millions | 18.2 | | 1,002.9 | 17.4 | | 984.6 | 15.7 | | 967.9 |
| 2.0 | | - | 6.1 | | - | 19.3 | | - |
| 2.4 | | - | 1.4 | | 1.4 | Pro1.7 | | 1.3 |
| - | | - | -157 | | s3,493 | - | | - |
| 4,889 | | - | 5,773 | | - | 7,442 | | - |
| 37.0 | | - | 42.5 | | s44.2 | 43.5 | | 45.2 |
| 20.0 | | - | 18.0 | | s16.9 | 18.4 | | 16.8 |
| 37.0 | | - | 34.2 | | 30.5 | 33.0 | | 30.2 |
| - | | - | 10.1 | | s13.2 | - | | - |
| 33.0 | | - | 22.5 | | 50.8 | Pro30.2 | | - |
| 61.0 | | - | 59.5 | | s44.0 | 47.3 | | - |
| 12.0 | | - | 17.4 | | 30.9 | 5.1 | | 21.8 |
| - | | - | 111.8 | | 103.9 | 104.1 | | 103.5 |
| - | | - | 120 | | - | 120 | | - |