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Europe 2020
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Researchers (FTE) involved in research and development activities (R&D): total and of enterprises sector in Europe
Total personnel (FTE) involved in research and development activities (R&D): total and by sector of performance in Europe
Total personnel (FTE) involved in research and development activities (R&D): total and of enterprises sector
Year
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
1999
1998
1997
1996
1995
1994
1993
1992
1991
1990
1989
1988
1987
1986
1985
1984
1983
Indicator
Total Performance sectors
Business enterprise sector
EU28
2016
Pro
2,927,324.0
Full-time Equival...
Portugal
2016
Pro
50,912.0
Full-time Equival...
EU28
1982
(no values)
Portugal
1982
8,553.0
Full-time Equival...
Operations
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Sources/Entities: Eurostat | OECD | National Entities, PORDATA
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Full-time Equivalent (FTE)
see full table
Groups/Countries
Performance sectors
Total
Business enterprise sector
Years
1982
2016
1982
2016
European Union (28 countries)
x
Pro
2,927,324.0
x
Pro
1,607,301.0
Austria
x
Pro
73,643.0
x
Pro
52,124.0
Belgium
33,042.0
Pro
79,766.0
18,799.0
Pro
45,159.0
Bulgaria
x
25,060.0
x
11,253.0
Croatia
x
┴
11,197.0
x
┴
2,849.0
Cyprus
x
Pro
1,260.0
x
Pro
305.0
Czech Republic
x
Pro
65,783.0
x
Pro
37,263.0
Denmark
17,235.0
s
60,290.0
9,404.0
s
37,171.0
Estonia
x
5,771.0
x
1,855.0
Finland
x
47,429.0
x
27,634.0
France
258,937.0
x
132,228.0
x
Germany
x
s
656,727.0
x
413,027.0
Greece
x
41,790.0
x
9,102.0
Hungary
49,236.0
35,757.0
30,921.0
20,825.0
Ireland
4,960.0
s
36,087.0
1,549.0
s
18,203.0
Italy
105,927.0
Pro
258,585.0
49,900.0
Pro
135,085.0
Latvia
x
5,120.0
x
896.0
Lithuania
x
10,924.0
x
2,630.0
Luxembourg
x
Pro
5,196.0
x
Pro
3,007.0
Malta
x
Pro
1,430.0
x
Pro
939.0
Netherlands
57,450.0
Pro
133,214.0
27,140.0
Pro
84,444.0
Poland
x
x
51,000.0
x
Portugal
8,553.0
Pro
50,912.0
1,891.0
Pro
19,650.0
Romania
x
32,232.0
x
10,785.0
Slovakia
x
17,768.0
x
4,643.0
Slovenia
x
Pro
14,357.0
x
Pro
9,523.0
Spain
s
35,530.0
205,873.0
12,914.0
90,129.0
Sweden
x
Pro
90,690.0
x
Pro
64,276.0
United Kingdom
308,000.0
Pro
419,898.0
191,000.0
209,584.0
Iceland
x
3,247.0
x
1,604.0
Norway
s
15,218.0
43,918.0
6,935.0
22,170.0
Switzerland
x
x
x
x
Japan
s
668,939.0
x
s
376,474.0
x
Sources/Entities: Eurostat | OECD | National Entities, PORDATA
Last updated: 2018-07-20
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Researchers (FTE) involved in research and development activities (R&D): total and of enterprises sector in Europe
Total personnel (FTE) involved in research and development activities (R&D): total and by sector of performance in Europe
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